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Bodani M and Kopelman MD. A psychiatric perspective on the therapy of psychosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2003; 12(12):947-9. 66. Takada K, Illei GG, Boumpas DT. Cyclofosfamide for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2001;10(3):154-61. 32 // EDITORIAL SCIENS

NOVEDADES Los polifenoles de la fruta: sus efectos en la señalización neuronal y en la conducta en la senescencia El advenimiento de enfermedades neurodegenerativas asociadas a la edad puede exacerbar los déficits cognitivos y motores que ocurren normalmente en el envejecimiento. Estudios epidemiológicos demostraron que el consumo de dietas ricas en compuestos antioxidantes y antiinflamatorios, como aquellos encontrados en las frutas y verduras, puede disminuir la probabilidad de contraer enfermedades como el Parkinson y la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Un investigador del USDA's Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging en la Tufts University de Boston, James Joseph, afirma que los compuestos polifenólicos que se encuentran en frutas tales como el arándano, las manzanas, la zarzamora, las frutillas, la espinaca y la nuez pueden exhibir efectos benéficos protegiendo de los efectos del stress oxidativo neuronal. Su mecanismo de acción se basa en la destrucción de los altamente tóxicos radicales libres que atacan a las células. En el estudio realizado se encontró que aquellos individuos que consumían 2-3 vasos de jugo de estas frutas por semana, tuvieron una menor incidencia de enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Lau FC. Fruit polyphenols and their effects on neuronal signaling and behavior in senescence.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1100:470-85. La terapia musical y del movimiento, tendría eficacia sobre los síntomas negativos de la Esquizofrenia; un tratamiento posible adjunto a la farmacoterapia Dra. D´Alessio Luciana La esquizofrenia afecta a una gran proporción de la población mundial, llegando a un valor de 24 millones de pacientes en todo el mundo. El descubrimiento de los fármacos antipsicóticos ha mejorado significativamente el pronóstico de la enfermedad, en especial con los nuevos antipsicoticos (atípicos), que logran una eficacia del 70% sobre los síntomas positivos, delirios y alucinaciones, con un mínimo de efectos adversos extrapiramidales. Si bien no hay dudas de la eficacia demostrada de los antipsicóticos sobre los síntomas positivos de la enfermedad, los síntomas negativos (abulia, aplanamiento afectivo y alogia) continúan siendo resistentes al tratamiento farmacológico, y afectan significativamente la calidad de vida y el funcionamiento social, laboral y familiar del paciente. El tratamiento integral del paciente esquizofrénico incluye el tratamiento de los síntomas negativos que permita la neurorehabilitación cognitiva y la rehabilitación social del paciente. La terapia musical y del movimiento, podría tener un efecto terapéutico sobre este tipo de sintomatología de acuerdo a un trabajo original, publicado recientemente. Los autores confeccionaron un estudio con un diseño randomizado y controlado, en donde administraron terapia musical y del movimiento durante un período corto de 5 semanas, adjunto al tratamiento antipsicótico en un grupo de pacientes esquizofrénicos (21 pacientes), y compararon la sintomatología negativa, con un grupo control que sólo recibió tratamiento antipsicótico (16 pacientes). Encontraron un efecto significativamente positivo sobre el puntaje de síntomas negativos en el grupo experimental que recibió el tratamiento con música y movimiento. Este trabajo nos demuestra como un ambiente enriquecido, que permita estimular funciones cognitivas, emocionales y motoras, permite mejorar la salud mental y el funcionamiento del SNC en una enfermedad crónica y discapacitante como la esquizofrenia The additional therapeutic effect of group music therapy for schizophrenic patients: a randomized study. Ulrich G, Houtmans T, Gold C. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007: 116: 362–370 34 // EDITORIAL SCIENS